roll

roll¹ W3S1 [rəul US roul] v

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1¦(round object)¦

2¦(person/animal)¦

3¦(shape of tube/ball)¦

4¦(make something flat)¦

5¦(clothes)¦

6¦(something with wheels)¦

7¦(drop of liquid)¦

8¦(waves/clouds)¦

9¦(game)¦

10¦(sound)¦

11¦(machine/camera)¦

12¦(ship/plane)¦

13¦(cigarette)¦

14¦(shoulders)¦

15¦(eyes)¦

16¦(attack)¦

17 (all) rolled into one

18 get (something) rolling

19 be rolling in money/dough/cash/it

20 be rolling in the aisles

21 be ready to roll

22 let's roll

23 roll with the punches

24 roll on something

25 roll your r's

26 a rolling stone gathers no moss

Phrasal verbs

　roll around

　roll something<=>back

　roll something<=>down

　roll in

　roll out

　roll (somebody) over

　roll up

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[Date: 1300-1400; : Old French; Origin: roller, from Vulgar Latin rotulare, from Latin rotula; ROLL²]

1.) ¦(ROUND OBJECT)¦ [I always + adverb/preposition, T]

if something rolls, especially something round, or if you roll it, it moves along a surface by turning over and over

roll down/into/through etc

▪ The ball rolled into the street.

▪ One of the eggs rolled off the counter.

roll sth along/in/onto etc sth

▪ Roll the chicken breasts in flour.

2.) ¦(PERSON/ANIMAL)¦ also roll over [I,T always + adverb/preposition]

to turn your body over one or more times while lying down, or to turn someone else's body over

roll down/onto/off etc

▪ The children rolled down the hill, laughing.

▪ Ralph rolled onto his stomach.

roll sb onto/off sth

▪ I tried to roll him onto his side.

3.) ¦(SHAPE OF TUBE/BALL)¦ also roll up [T]

to make something into the shape of a tube or ball

roll sth into a ball/tube

▪ Roll the dough into small balls.

▪ Would you like the paper rolled or folded?

4.) ¦(MAKE SOMETHING FLAT)¦ [T]

to make something flat by rolling something heavy over it

→↑rolling pin

▪ Pizza dough should be rolled thinly.

5.) ¦(CLOTHES)¦ [T]

also roll up

to fold the sleeves or legs of something that you are wearing upwards, so that they are shorter

▪ His sleeves were rolled above his elbows.

6.) ¦(SOMETHING WITH WHEELS)¦ [I,T always + adverb/preposition]

to move on wheels, or make something that has wheels move

roll into/forwards/past etc

▪ Her car was slowly rolling away from the curb.

roll sth to/around etc sth

▪ The waitress rolled the dessert trolley over to our table.

7.) ¦(DROP OF LIQUID)¦ [I always + adverb/preposition]

to move over a surface smoothly without stopping

roll down/onto etc

▪ Tears rolled down her cheeks.

8.) ¦(WAVES/CLOUDS)¦ [I always + adverb/preposition]

to move continuously in a particular direction

roll into/towards etc

▪ Mist rolled in from the sea.

▪ We watched the waves rolling onto the beach.

9.) ¦(GAME)¦ [I and T]

if you roll ↑dice, you throw them as part of a game

10.)¦(SOUND)¦

if drums or ↑thunder roll, they make a long low series of sounds

▪ Thunder rolled in the distance.

11.) ¦(MACHINE/CAMERA)¦ [I]

if a machine such as a film camera or a ↑printing press rolls, it operates

▪ There was silence as the cameras started to roll.

12.) ¦(SHIP/PLANE)¦ [I]

if a ship or plane rolls, it leans one way and then another with the movement of the water or air

13.) ¦(CIGARETTE)¦ [T]

to make your own cigarette, using tobacco or ↑marijuana and special paper

→↑roll-up

▪ Ben rolled a joint (=a cigarette containing marijuana) and lit it.

▪ It's cheaper to roll your own (=make your own cigarettes) .

14.) ¦(SHOULDERS)¦ [T]

to move your shoulders forward, up, and back down

▪ He rolled his shoulders back.

15.) ¦(EYES)¦ [T]

to move your eyes around and up, especially in order to show that you are annoyed or think something is silly

▪ Lucy rolled her eyes as Tom sat down beside her.

16.) ¦(ATTACK)¦ [T]

[i]AmE informal to rob someone, especially when they are drunk and asleep

▪ Kids on the streets rolled drunks for small change.

17.) (all) rolled into one

if someone or something is several different things rolled into one, they include or do the work of all those things

▪ Mum was cook, chauffeur, nurse, and entertainer all rolled into one.

18.) get (sth) rolling

to start happening or make something start happening in a smooth and successful way

▪ The business didn't really get rolling until 1975.

▪ Have a good breakfast to get your day rolling.

19.) be rolling in money/dough/cash/it

to have or earn a lot of money

▪ 'He's rolling in it,' said the girl, pointing at Lewis.

20.) be rolling in the aisles

if people in a theatre, cinema etc are rolling in the aisles, they are laughing a lot

21.) be ready to roll

spoken to be ready to start doing something

▪ The car was packed and we were ready to roll.

22.) let's roll

spoken used to suggest to a group of people that you all begin doing something or go somewhere

23.) roll with the punches

to deal with problems or difficulties by doing whatever you need to do, rather than by trying only one method

▪ Strong industries were able to roll with the punches during the recession.

24.) roll on sth

BrE spoken used to say that you wish a time or event would come quickly

▪ Roll on the weekend!

25.) roll your r's

to pronounce the sound /r/ using your tongue in a way that makes the sound very long

26.) a rolling stone gathers no moss

used to say that someone who often changes jobs, moves to different places etc is not able to have any permanent relationships or duties

→set/start/keep the ball rolling at ↑ball¹ (5)

→heads will roll at ↑head¹ (36)

→let the good times roll at ↑let¹ (20)

roll around phr v

if a time, event etc that happens regularly rolls around, it arrives or takes place again

▪ By the time Wednesday rolled around , I still hadn't finished.

roll back [roll sth<=>back] phr v

1.) to reduce the influence or power of a law, system, government etc

▪ a threat to roll back the legislation of the past 12 years

2.) especially AmE to reduce a price, cost etc

▪ the administration's promise to roll back taxes

→↑rollback

3.) to force your opponents in a war to move back from their position

4.) roll back the years

BrE to make someone remember something from the past

▪ Looking at those old photos really rolled back the years.

roll down [roll sth<=>down] phr v

1.) roll a window down

to open a car window

2.) to unfold the ends of your sleeves or trouser legs so that they are their usual length

▪ He rolled down his sleeves and buttoned the cuffs.

roll in phr v

1.) to happen or arrive in large numbers or quantities

▪ As the result of our appeal, the money came rolling in.

2.) to arrive, especially later than usual or expected

▪ Chris finally rolled in at about 4:00 am.

3.) if mist, clouds etc roll in, they begin to cover an area of the sky or land

▪ Fog rolled in from the sea.

roll out phr v

1.) roll sth<=> out

to make food that you are preparing flat and thin by pushing a ↑rolling pin over it

▪ Roll out the dough on a floured surface.

2.) roll sth<=>out

to make a new product available for people to buy or use

= ↑launch

▪ The company expects to roll out the new software in September.

→↑roll-out

3.) to leave a place, especially later than expected

roll out of

▪ We used to hear people rolling out of the pubs at closing time.

▪ He finally rolled out of bed at noon.

4.) roll sth<=> out

to put something flat on the ground or a surface, when it was previously rolled into a tube shape

▪ We rolled out our sleeping bags under the stars.

5.) roll out the red carpet

to make special preparations for an important visitor

roll () over [roll (sb) over] phr v

to turn your body over once so that you are lying in a different position, or to turn someone's body over

▪ Ben rolled over and kissed her.

roll (somebody) over onto

▪ The guards rolled him over onto his front.

roll up phr v

1.) to make something into the shape of a tube or ball, or to become this shape

roll sth<=>up

▪ Painters arrived and rolled up the carpet.

roll up into

▪ Many animals roll up into a ball for warmth.

2.) roll your sleeves/trousers etc up

to turn the ends of your sleeves or trouser legs over several times so that they are shorter

3.) roll your sleeves up

to start doing a job even though it is difficult or you do not want to do it

▪ It's time to roll up our sleeves and get some work done on the basics.

4.) roll a window up

to close the window of a car

5.) to arrive somewhere, especially late or when you were not expected

▪ Max rolled up just after 9 o'clock.

6.) roll up!

BrE spoken used to call people to come and watch or buy things at a ↑circus or ↑fair

roll ²

roll² n

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1¦(paper/film/money etc)¦

2¦(bread)¦

3¦(list of names)¦

4 be on a roll

5¦(game)¦

6¦(skin/fat)¦

7¦(physical movement)¦

8¦(drums/guns/thunder)¦

9¦(ship/plane)¦

10 a roll in the hay

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[Sense: 1-3, 6; Date: 1100-1200; : Old French; Origin: rolle 'rolled-up document', from Latin rotula, from rota; ROTATE]

[Sense: 4-5, 7-10; Date: 1600-1700; Origin: ROLL¹]

1.) ¦(PAPER/FILM/MONEY ETC)¦

a piece of paper, camera film, money etc that has been rolled into the shape of a tube

roll of

▪ I used up three rolls of film on holiday.

▪ There's a new roll of silver foil in there.

▪ wallpaper costing £3 a roll

→↑kitchen roll, ↑toilet roll

2.) ¦(BREAD)¦

a small round ↑loaf of bread for one person

→↑bun

▪ hot soup served with crusty rolls

▪ bread rolls with butter

ham/cheese etc roll

BrE (=one that is filled with ham, cheese etc)

3.) ¦(LIST OF NAMES)¦

an official list of names

= ↑register on the roll BrE

▪ a school with 300 pupils on the roll

call/take the roll

(=say the list of names to check who is there)

▪ The teacher called the roll.

▪ Three senators missed the roll call.

the electoral roll

BrE ; the (voter) rolls

AmE (=a list of the people who are allowed to vote)

welfare rolls

AmE (=a list of people without jobs who claim money from the state)

▪ Thompson said he had cut welfare rolls by 39%.

→↑roll of honour, ↑honor roll

4.) be on a roll informal

to be having a lot of success with what you are trying to do

▪ Midvale High was on a roll, having won their last six basketball games.

5.) ¦(GAME)¦

the action of throwing ↑dice as part of a game

▪ If you get a 7 or 11 on your first roll, you win.

6.) ¦(SKIN/FAT)¦

a thick layer of skin or fat, usually just below your waist

roll of

▪ the rolls of fat on her stomach

7.) ¦(PHYSICAL MOVEMENT)¦

a) BrE a movement in which you roll forward or back in a controlled way with your body curled so that your head is near your feet, often done as part of a sport

= ↑somersault

▪ a forward roll

▪ gymnasts doing rolls and handsprings

b) especially BrE the action of turning your body over one or more times while lying down

▪ a young horse having a roll in the field

8.) ¦(DRUMS/GUNS/THUNDER)¦

a long low fairly loud sound made by drums etc

▪ There was a roll of thunder , and the rain started pelting down.

▪ a drum roll

9.) ¦(SHIP/PLANE)¦

the movement of a ship or plane when it leans from side to side with the movement of the water or air

10.) a roll in the hay

old-fashioned informal when you have sex with someone - used humorously

→↑rock 'n' roll, ↑sausage roll, ↑spring roll, ↑Swiss roll